Waterproofing foundations with roll materials is one of the most common methods of protection. It is used for all types of substrates and allows for sufficiently reliable insulation. To correctly apply this method, you need to find out the scope and options for materials for manufacturing.
Where to use
Roll materials can be used in the following cases:
- vertical protection of the supporting part of the house inside and out;
- insulation of the precast strip foundation in the basement floor level;
- foundation edge insulation for all types (tape, slab, pile, columnar);
- laying in the construction of the blind area;
- waterproofing foundation slabs.
It is mandatory for all types of substrates to provide a waterproofing layer in the place where materials with different physical properties come in contact (foundations and walls). This is due to the fact that the normal humidity for each structure is different, which can lead to damage to any of them.
To prevent unpleasant consequences, it is necessary to provide protection against such a phenomenon at the design stage.
Types of roll insulation
The following types of materials are produced in rolls:
- okleechnye;
- surfaced;
- membranes.
The most modern are diffusion membranes. It is most difficult to work with glued types of materials, since before fixing them, it is necessary to apply a glue composition on a bitumen basis to the surface.
Wormy materials
The okleyeknaya waterproofing of the foundation is carried out using the following materials:
- glassine;
- roofing material;
- stekloizol.
The most unreliable option among those considered is glassine. It is manufactured in accordance with GOST 2697-83 and is a sheet of roofing board impregnated with a composition of oil bitumen. The method has replaced insulation with materials such as leather and roofing only. At the moment, glassine is not often used, and if used, then for structures with a small degree of responsibility. The advantages include low cost. The disadvantages are a short service life and low reliability.
Ruberoid is similar to glassine. This roll insulation is also based on roofing cardboard.
Impregnation is carried out by oil bitumen. The ruberoid differs from the previous version by the presence of a protective coating. It is made of refractory bitumen, and asbestos or talcum powder is sprinkled on top, which protects the material from mechanical stress. The advantages of the material include:
- low cost;
- longer life compared to glassine.
Disadvantages - instability to fire and tear. Roofing material is suitable for protection against moisture when deep groundwater.
Okleechnaya waterproofing the foundation with glass insulation becomes the most effective. Roofing material and glassine, made on the basis of cardboard, lose this material in strength. Fiberglass (fiberglass) is used as the basis for glassisol, which allows insulation to acquire high tensile strength. In addition, flame retardant performance is improved.
Surfaced materials
Surfacing waterproofing of the foundation reduces the complexity of the process. There is no need to use adhesive or bituminous compositions. The roll has a lower binder layer, which melts when heated and allows you to securely fix the layer to the surface. Surfaced materials have several common features:
- manufacturing on a synthetic basis;
- reinforcement with polyester fiber, which gives increased tensile strength and resistance to mechanical damage;
- durability due to resistance to decay and external factors.
The most famous manufacturer, which deals with surfaced roll materials, was Technonikol. This company produces such waterproofing as:
- linocrom;
- hydroisol.
These species have proven themselves when used as vertical and horizontal insulation.
Diffusion membranes
This is the most modern way of isolation. Different membranes are available for use with horizontal and vertical protection. You can distinguish them in appearance:
- for horizontal insulation - a smooth film;
- for vertical insulation - profiled membrane.
It can also be used for the manufacture of blind areas. In this case, the structure does not come to the surface, but becomes an invisible protector of the foundation. Not suitable if you plan to use the blind area as a pedestrian walkway around the house.
Work technology
Protection by roll products differs depending on the application. Each case must be considered separately.
Vertical insulation
Required for tape supports at home. To perform the work, roofing material on bituminous mastic, glassisol, linocrom, hydroisol or membranes are suitable. The work can be performed both from the inside of the basement walls and from the outside. Roll insulation is difficult to cope with the pressure of soil moisture, so it is used at low water levels. The work is performed in the following order:
- cleaning the surface from dust, dirt, grease, traces of old insulation or finish;
- alignment of the base, if there are sufficiently large cracks or potholes, they are covered with cement mortar;
- surface priming;
- cutting sheets, which takes into account the overlap of the material (10-15 cm);
- Strengthening the corners of the foundation (installation of fillets, fastening of the reinforcing tape);
- the installation of insulation depends on the material chosen (for the gluing one, a layer of mastic is applied first, and then a ruberoid or glass insulation is applied; to fix the fused insulation, its lower surface is heated with a torch or a building hair dryer and mounted on the foundation tape);
- roofing material, stekloizol, linokrom and gidroizol mounted in several layers to ensure greater reliability;
- the last step is to apply the finish layer of mastic or varnish.
Horizontal insulation
It is used for all types of foundations for cutting the foundation. Also needed for slab foundations. At the junction of the wall and the base, most often it is enough to lay two layers of deposited or pasting material (roofing material, linocrom, hydroisol).
In more detail, it is worthwhile to understand the insulation of the plate. Here it is possible to use all the options discussed above, depending on the financial capabilities of the future owner of the house.
The technology of work is as follows:
- soil compaction of the base;
- backfill from materials not subject to heaving (crushed stone, gravel, coarse-grained or medium-grained sand);
- production of concrete preparation from a “lean” mortar (serves as insulation and a leveling layer);
- concrete curing time;
- surface cleaning from dirt, dust, grease;
- leveling and priming;
- installation of waterproofing material (carried out in accordance with the chosen option, it is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations);
- installation of thermal insulation and vapor barrier;
- plate filling.
The competent use of rolled materials will reliably protect the main supporting structure of the house.